The North's advantages in the Civil War

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The North clearly had many advantages before the Civil War began. However, it is not fair to say that they had won the war before it started. They had many advantages over the South, but the South had a fair chance of winning. Both the North and the South had their share of advantages and disadvantages.


The North had the advantage of controlling the sea and most of the railroads. It had the Ohio River, three-fourths of the nation’s railroads and ninety percent of the nation’s wealth in its territory. The North had a very strong navy and was able to set up a blockade to stop trade all trade routes going to and from the South. At first, this blockade was unsuccessful, but soon it prevented the South from receiving the war supplies it needed. The blockade also caused damage to the South’s economy because they were unable to trade with Europe. This caused a shortage of food, clothing and medicine in the South. The South had a big disadvantage because it did not even have a navy at the start of the war.


The North had factories, farms and many trade connections. Its factories produced weapons and uniforms for fighting. Its farms grew corn and other essential crops. The South only had farms and plantations. The South produced cash crops to export to the North and to Europe. The South was at a big disadvantage because it depended on the North’s services in order to trade. Therefore, during the war, the South was unable to trade, because it did not have the proper resources.





The North had the ability to keep foreign aid away from the South. The North, unlike the South, had an established government. If the South wanted something, they weren’t able to do it themselves because they did not have a government or any relations with foreign countries. Therefore, the North had to do everything for them. Once the war started, the South was a big disadvantage because they were unable to establish relations or get aid from foreign countries.


The North had a very large population of twenty two million people. The South had a population of nine million. During the war, the North’s population was constantly increasing because of the influx of European immigrants. The South’s population did not increase during the war, because no immigrants were able to get to the South because of the lack of transportation. Thus, the North had a greater military potential with a bigger population.


One advantage the South had was that its men knew how to fight very well. All the southern men learned how to fight when they were young. They had good cavalrymen and foot soldiers. They had much better officers than the North, such as Robert E. Lee and Thomas J. Jackson. The northerners were brought up in cities. Therefore, once the war began, they had to start training the men. They were not as familiar with weapons and horses as the southerners. Ulysses S. Grant, the North’s best officer, didn’t play a role until the end of the war.


The South had the advantage of fighting a defensive war. The southerners had an easier time because they knew the land better. They also didn’t need as many troops, because they didn’t have to travel. The South only had to defend itself while the North had to defeat the South in order to win. The South did not need to defeat the North in order to gain its independence.


It is clear that the North had many more advantages than the South. The North had more control over essential powers. The South also had many advantages, but their disadvantages outweighed the advantages. The South was not as strong, but they put up a good fight. The fact that the South depended on the North’s services led them towards their downfall. The North did not win before the war started, but they had a head start.





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